从《克拉拉与太阳》中的隐性叙事进程看石黑一雄的技术–人文观

From the Covert Progression in Klara and the Sun to Kazuo Ishiguro’s View on Technology versus Humanity

摘要: 石黑一雄的小说《克拉拉与太阳》表面上为读者呈现了一个人工智能克拉拉用爱与希望为其人类小主人乔西带来生命的救赎的童话，实际又铺下一个有关死亡与遗弃的暗线，其中，乔西并没有得救而克拉拉也随之被主人家遗弃。对于这一隐性叙事进程的提示被石黑一雄以一些前后不协调的文本细节的形式安排在小说显性的情节的各个角落，利用文本细读的方式，这些不协调的文本细节才得以被重新挖出、组织起来，而当一个相对完整的隐性叙事进程被呈现出来之时，石黑一雄有关技术–人文关系的更复杂的思考也得以被揭示，石黑一雄在小说中并不急于设立技术理性与人文关怀之间的对立，相反，他看到两者共同具有的两面性，并对其作了生动而深刻的阐释。

Abstract: Kazuo Ishiguro’s novel Klara and the Sun ostensibly presents a fairy tale to readers about an AI named Klara bringing rebirth to her human owner Josie with love and hope. However, it also weaves an undercurrent about death and abandonment, in the plot of which Josie is not saved and Klara is subsequently abandoned by her owner’s family. Ishiguro hints at this covert progression through some incongruous textual details scattered throughout the overt plot of the novel. Through close reading of the text, these incongruous details can be unearthed and reorganized. Once that covert progression is presented, Ishiguro’s complex thoughts on the relationship between technology and humanity are thus revealed that Ishiguro does not rush to establish an opposition between technological rationality and humanistic care. Instead, he sees the duality shared by both and offers a vivid and profound interpretation of that point in the novel.