《大海，大海》中的物叙事与道德觉醒

The Thing Narrative and Moral Awakening in The Sea, The Sea

摘要: 本文立足于比尔·布朗的物叙事理论，结合艾丽丝·默多克的“关注”道德哲学，分析默多克小说《大海，大海》中主人公查尔斯与“物”的互动关系，指出“物”在查尔斯道德觉醒中的重要作用。查尔斯最初将万物客体化，构建了以自我为中心的控制幻想。然而，“物”凭借其不可控的“物性”颠覆了查尔斯的控制，引发了他的主体性危机。这一危机迫使查尔斯放弃投射和占有，转而学习谦卑地“关注”独立于其自身意识之外的现实。这种由“物”引发的认知与伦理转变，体现出“物”并非被动背景，而是具备能动性的伦理载体，印证了默多克关于“通向善的道路始于对非我之物的关注”的核心伦理观。

Abstract: Grounded in Bill Brown’s thing theory and Iris Murdoch’s moral philosophy of “attention”, this paper examines the protagonist Charles’s interaction with “things” in Murdoch’s novel The Sea, The Sea, highlighting their crucial role in his moral awakening. At first, Charles objectifies everything around him, constructing a self-centered fantasy of control. However, the uncontrollable “thingness” subverts his dominance and triggers a crisis of subjectivity. This crisis forces Charles to give up projection and possession, learning instead humble “attention” to reality that exists independently of his own consciousness. Such a cognitive and ethical transformation, initiated by “things”, reveals that objects are not passive backdrops but active ethical agents. This supports Murdoch’s core ethical belief that “the path toward Good begins with attention to what is non-self”.