E. T. A.霍夫曼《自动机器人》的后现代叙事分析

A Postmodern Narrative Analysis of E. T. A. Hoffman’s “Die Automate”

摘要: 在工业革命浪潮席卷欧洲的19世纪，技术与人性之间的张力逐渐成为文学书写的焦点。E. T. A.霍夫曼的短篇小说《自动机器人》以其独特的叙事实验，将工业时代人们狂热与焦虑的矛盾嵌入文本肌理，成为一面折射社会心理的棱镜。本文以小说中神秘的机械人偶“土耳其人”为切入点，基于后现代叙事理论框架，揭示文本如何映射过度关注技术对人性边界的冲击。从19世纪的自动机械到当代人工智能，霍夫曼的文学预言跨越时空，警示着技术进步对真实情感的侵蚀，并为反思人机共生的伦理困境提供了历史锚点。

Abstract: In the 19th century, when the wave of the Industrial Revolution swept across Europe, the tension between technology and humanity gradually became the focus of literary writing. E. T. A. Hoffman’s short story “Die Automate” embeds the contradiction between the fanaticism and anxiety of people in the industrial age into the texture of the text through its unique narrative experiment, becoming a prism reflecting social psychology. This article takes the mysterious mechanical puppet “Turk” in the novel as the entry point and, based on the framework of Postmodern Narrative Theory, reveals how the text reflects the impact of technological worship on the boundaries of human nature. From the automatic machines of the 19th century to contemporary artificial intelligence, Hoffman’s literary predictions transcend time and space, warning of the erosion of true emotions by technological progress and providing a historical anchor point for reflecting on the ethical dilemma of human-machine symbiosis.