多轴运动控制器的嵌入式硬件电路优化设计研究

Research on Optimal Design of Embedded Hardware Circuit of Multi-Axis Motion Controller

摘要: 针对传统多轴运动控制器存在的电路复杂度高，功耗大以及实时性不足等问题，提出一种基于ARM + FPGA架构的嵌入式硬件电路优化方案。采用分层设计思想，通过合理划分处理器功能，优化电源管理模块，改进高速通信接口电路，实现硬件资源的高效配置。实验结果表明，优化后的控制器电路板面积减小35%，系统功耗降低29%，六轴联动控制精度达到±2 μm，指令响应时间缩短至50 μs。优化设计有效提升了多轴运动控制器的集成度与可靠性，为高精度数控装备的国产化提供了技术支撑。

Abstract: Aiming at the problems existing in traditional multi-axis motion controllers, such as high circuit complexity, high power consumption and lack of real-time, an embedded hardware circuit optimization scheme based on ARM + FPGA architecture is proposed. The hierarchical design idea is adopted, and the efficient allocation of hardware resources is realized by reasonably dividing the processor functions, optimizing the power management module and improving the high-speed communication interface circuit. The experimental results show that the circuit board area of the optimized controller is reduced by 35%, the system power consumption is reduced by 29%, the precision of six-axis linkage control reaches ±2 μm, and the command response time is shortened to 50 μs. The optimization design effectively improves the integration and reliability of the multi-axis motion controller, and provides technical support for the localization of high-precision CNC equipment.