不同生长阶段的竹笋挥发性物质的变化

Changes in Volatile Substances of Bamboo Shoots at Different Growth Stages

摘要: 本研究聚焦于竹笋发育过程中挥发物成分的动态变化，利用气相色谱–离子迁移谱(GC-IMS)技术，对竹笋的出笋初期(IBS)、出笋中期(MBS)及出笋末期(LBS)三个关键发育阶段的挥发物进行精准剖析。通过该技术，共鉴定出64种挥发性化合物，涵盖醛类、醇类、酯类、酮类、醚类、吡嗪以及呋喃等多个类别。研究数据显示，不同发育阶段竹笋的挥发物种类与相对含量均呈现显著差异。IBS以醛类化合物为主导同时2-辛酮，丙酮，噻吩等物质的含量也较高；MBS中1-辛烯-3-醇、1-己醇、1-丙醇、乙醇、E-2-辛烯醛、乙酸乙酯等物质的含量较高；至LBS中醛类，酮类，醇类的含量都较高此外还含有大量2-戊基呋喃、2-乙基呋喃、丁酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、2,6-二甲基-3-乙基吡嗪、吡嗪、二甲基硫醚等物质。

Abstract: This study focuses on the dynamic changes of volatile components during the development of bamboo shoots. By using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) technology, the volatile components of bamboo shoots in the three key development stages of early emergence (IBS), middle emergence (MBS), and late emergence (LBS) are precisely analyzed. Through this technology, a total of 64 volatile compounds were identified, covering multiple categories such as aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, ethers, pyrazines and furans. Research data shows that the types and relative contents of volatile substances in bamboo shoots at different developmental stages vary significantly. IBS is dominated by aldehyde compounds, while the content of substances such as 2-octanone, acetone, and thiophene is also relatively high. The contents of substances such as 1-octene-3-alcohol, 1-hexanol, 1-propanol, ethanol, E-2-octenal and ethyl acetate in MBS are relatively high. The content of aldehydes, ketones and alcohols in LBS is relatively high. In addition, it also contains a large amount of 2-pentylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, ethyl butyrate, methyl acetate, 2,6-dimethyl-3-ethylpyrazine, pyrazine, dimethyl sulfide and other substances.