莲生物碱类化合物的研究进展
Research Progress on Alkaloids in Lotus
DOI: 10.12677/hjmce.2026.142017, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 于 辉, 周圣智, 张大为, 白宁宁：湖南科技大学生命科学与健康学院，经济作物遗传改良与综合利用湖南省重点实验室，湖南湘莲产业研究院，湖南 湘潭；彭芷芊：湘潭建元中学，湖南 湘潭
关键词: 莲；生物碱；分离和鉴定；功能；应用；Nelumbo； Alkaloids； Isolation and Identification； Function； Application
摘要: 莲(Nelumbo)是国家卫生健康委员会批准的药食兼植物，富含黄酮、生物碱、多糖等生物活性物质。莲生物碱的研究最早始于19世纪末，迄今为止，从莲不同部位分离出的生物碱类化合物已多达86种，多集中在荷叶和莲子心中。莲生物碱类化合物具有抗氧化、调脂降糖、抑菌消炎、抗肿瘤等多种功效。本文介绍了莲生物碱类化合物的种类以及分离鉴定方法，对莲生物碱类化合物的功能活性及其在疾病治疗中的最新应用进行了系统总结，并提出了莲生物碱类化合物开发利用中存在的问题。本文旨在为系统地研究莲各部分中生物碱的种类和活性提供依据，并为莲生物碱类化合物的研究、开发和利用提供理论参考。
Abstract: Lotus (Nelumbo) is a medicinal and edible plant approved by the National Health Commission, rich in bioactive substances such as flavonoids, alkaloids and polysaccharides. The research on lotus alkaloids began at the end of 19th century. Up to now, 86 kinds of alkaloids have been isolated from different parts of lotus, mainly concentrated in lotus leaves and lotus embryo. Lotus alkaloids have many effects, such as anti-oxidation, lipid lowering, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor. This article introduces the types of lotus alkaloids and their separation and identification methods, systematically summarizes the functional activities of lotus alkaloids and their latest applications in disease treatment, and puts forward the problems existing in the development and utilization of lotus alkaloids. This article aims to provide a basis for the systematic study of the types and activities of alkaloids in different parts of lotus, and to provide theoretical references for the research, development and utilization of lotus alkaloids.
文章引用：于辉, 周圣智, 彭芷芊, 张大为, 白宁宁. 莲生物碱类化合物的研究进展[J]. 药物化学, 2026, 14(2): 167-174. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjmce.2026.142017

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