生产建设项目水土保持问题解析与优化路径

Analysis of Soil and Water Conservation Issues in Production and Construction Projects and Their Optimization Paths

摘要: 我国基础设施建设、能源开发、农业生产等项目快速推进，工程扰动引发的人为水土流失已成为生态环境治理的突出问题。本文引入DPSIR (驱动力–压力–状态–影响–响应)分析框架，系统解析项目水土保持传导链条。梳理近五年国内外研究进展，明确本文研究定位；针对责任落实、技术适配、过程管控、后期管护等突出问题，构建全周期、多维度综合防治体系。研究可为水土保持方案设计、施工管控、监测验收与长效运维提供理论支撑与实践参考，推动工程建设与生态保护协同发展。

Abstract: With the rapid development of infrastructure construction, energy development, agricultural production and other projects in China, anthropogenic soil and water loss caused by engineering disturbance has become a prominent problem in ecological environment governance. This paper introduces the DPSIR (Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) framework to systematically analyze the transmission chain of soil and water conservation in projects, sort out the research progress at home and abroad in recent five years, and clarify the research orientation of this paper. Aiming at the prominent problems such as responsibility implementation, technical adaptation, process control and later management and protection, a full-cycle and multi-dimensional comprehensive prevention and control system is constructed. The research can provide theoretical support and practical reference for soil and water conservation scheme design, construction control, monitoring acceptance and long-term operation and maintenance, and promote the coordinated development of engineering construction and ecological protection.