公共交往空间的人性化研究——济南西郊森林公园印象

Research on Humanization of Public Communication Space—Impression of Jinan West Suburb Forest Park

摘要: 在城市化加快与居民休闲需求提升的背景下，城市公园交往空间的人性化设计愈发重要。本文以济南森林公园为研究对象，选取台地园与儿童游乐园，运用文献研究、定性与定量分析，结合凯文·林奇城市意象五要素展开调研。研究发现，台地园存在交通与健身功能冲突、空间活力时段不均、人性化细节不足等问题；儿童游乐园则空间拥挤、功能分区缺失、设施配套不足且动静空间相互干扰。基于扬·盖尔交往行为理论与威廉·怀特公共空间理论，提出功能分区优化、分时段场景适配、分年龄活动设计及基础设施完善等优化策略。研究认为，人性化交往空间应立足普通使用者需求，兼顾可达性、包容性与归属感，成果可为公园更新及同类城市公园设计提供参考。

Abstract: Against rapid urbanization and growing leisure demands, human-centered design of communication spaces in urban parks has become increasingly important. Taking Jinan Forest Park as the case, this study focuses on the Terrace Garden and Children’s Playground, using literature review, qualitative and quantitative methods based on Kevin Lynch’s five elements of urban image for field investigation. Results show that the Terrace Garden is confronted with conflicts between traffic and exercise functions, unbalanced spatial vitality at different times, and insufficient human-friendly details. The Children’s Playground suffers from overcrowding, lack of functional zoning, inadequate facilities, and interference between active and quiet zones. Informed by Jan Gehl’s and William H. Whyte’s classical theories, targeted strategies are put forward, including optimized functional zoning, time-differentiated spatial design, age-based activity layout, and improved infrastructure. The study concludes that humanized communication spaces should prioritize ordinary users with accessibility, inclusiveness and belonging, providing references for park renewal and similar urban park design.