基于IPA方法的运河聚落文化遗产保护优先级诊断——嘉兴三镇的实证

Priority Diagnosis of Cultural Heritage Conservation in Canal Settlements Based on the IPA Method—Evidence from Three Towns in Jiaxing

摘要: 针对大运河文化遗产保护中存在的公众认知水平与满意度不匹配导致保护投入与公众期待之间存在结构性落差问题，以嘉兴三镇为研究对象，引入重要性–绩效分析(IPA)方法，系统揭示了嘉兴段运河聚落文化遗产保护中公众认知与满意度的四象限分布特征及核心落差区域。研究表明：优势区中传统运水系与维持区中活动空间活态传承满意度体现了物质遗产保护与非遗传承的阶段性成效显著；而修补区中传统媒体宣传与机会区中公众支付意愿满意度则分别反映出管理机制创新与非遗价值转化方面的明显短板。在此基础上，研究提出了以“活态传承”为导向的模式转型路径和以“多元共治”为核心的治理机制重构方案，为弥合文化遗产保护实效与公众期待之间的落差提供了实证依据与策略参考。

Abstract: To address the issue of a structural gap between conservation investments and public expectations-stemming from a mismatch between public awareness levels and satisfaction regarding the protection of the Grand Canal’s cultural heritage-the study takes the three towns in Jiaxing as its research subjects and employs the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method to systematically reveal the four-quadrant distribution patterns of public awareness and satisfaction within the cultural heritage conservation efforts for canal settlements along the Jiaxing section, as well as the core areas where this gap exists. The study demonstrates that: within the “Advantageous Zone”, satisfaction with traditional water transport systems and with the dynamic preservation of activity spaces reflects significant phased achievements in both material heritage conservation and intangible cultural heritage transmission; whereas, within the “Repair Zone”, satisfaction with traditional media promotion and within the “Opportunity Zone”, satisfaction with public willingness to pay respectively highlight notable shortcomings in management mechanism innovation and the transformation of intangible cultural heritage value. Building upon these findings, the study proposes a model transformation pathway oriented toward “dynamic transmission” and a governance mechanism restructuring plan centered on “multi-stakeholder co-governance”, thereby providing empirical evidence and strategic references for bridging the gap between the actual effectiveness of cultural heritage conservation and public expectations.