硒和硅诱导水稻对纹枯病的抗性及相关酶活性的影响

Influences of Silicon and Selenium on Defense Enzyme Activities in Rice Leaves and Resistance of Rice to Sheath Blight

摘要: 研究了纹枯菌胁迫后，外源用硅和硒诱导水稻对纹枯病的抗性以及对纹枯病感病品种春优78体内防御相关酶的影响。结果表明，用亚硒酸钠5.0 μg/mL和二氧化硅15.0 μg/mL诱导水稻，能有效提高水稻抗纹枯病的能力，控病效果分别为41.27%和47.43%。经硒、硅诱导后不论接或不接种水稻纹枯病菌，水稻株高和植株鲜重与对照相比均有显著的提高。接种水稻纹枯病菌后，用硅和硒接种处理与不用硅和硒接种处理相比，植株体内PPO、CAT和PAL有增加的趋势。

Abstract: Rice sheath blight is the first of the three major rice diseases which cause serious economic losses. In order to further understand rice defensive enzyme activity and the resistance of rice sheath blight induced by selenium and silicon, the dynamic changes in PPO, CAT and PAL activities in rice leaves and relative control effect induced by silicon and selenium and inoculation with Rhizoctonia solani were studied. The results showed that PPO, CAT and PAL activities in Si and Se supplied rice plants were higher than those of the control groups. After being inoculated of Rhizoctonia solani, the treatment with 5.0 μg/mL of sodium selenite and 15.0 μg/mL of silicon dioxide had the best disease-resistant effect, the rice plants supplied with Si and Se had significantly lower disease index with relative control effect of 47.43% and 41.27%, respectively, compared to those of the control groups. Regardless of whether the Rhizoctonia solani was inoculated, the plant height and fresh weight of rice were significantly higher than those of the control groups. No significant differences in PPO, CAT和 PAL activities were found between Si and Se.