产权视角下乡村闲置土地空间治理策略思考

Research on the Spatial Governance Strategy of Rural Idle Land from the Perspective of Property Rights

摘要: 从“产权”出发，本文研究了乡村闲置土地产权的残缺性以及影响其空间治理的因素。以上海市新征村为例，对其闲置土地空间治理历程和运作机制进行剖析。研究发现，不改变土地所有权和不改变为农服务用途的产权交易策略是推动治理的基础，可防止外部资本控制土地，防止乡村功能的异化。采用农用地动态年租金、集体建设土地出资入股分红、宅基地租金按比例共享等收益分配策略，构建了多渠道利益共享机制，可有效协调村集体组织、企业、村民的利益，保证治理的可持续性。“农用地——乡村工业和公共设施用地——宅基地”形成了“由易及难”的治理路径策略，可有效降低治理成本，推动乡村农用地、建设用地的整体转型。

Abstract: This paper studies the incompleteness of rural idle land property rights and the factors affecting its governance from the perspective of “property rights”. A spatial governance analysis framework of “property transactions—income distribution—path selection” is constructed. Taking Shanghai Xinzheng Village as a case, its spatial governance process and the operation mechanism are researched. It is found that in the process of property trading method, do not change land ownership and do not change for agricultural services are the basis of rural spatial governance, which can prevent external capital from controlling land and alienation of rural functions. In the process of income distribution, improving the multi-channel benefit sharing mechanism, including dynamic annual rent of agricultural land, collective construction land investment share dividend, and homestead rent proportional sharing can coordinate the interests among village collective organizations, enterprises, villagers and it can ensure the sustainability of governance. The governance path of “agricultural land—rural industrial and public facilities land—homestead” can reduce the difficulty of rural spatial governance and promote the overall transformation of rural space.