引进俄罗斯第三代沙棘无性系果实黄酮类化合物研究

Study on Flavonoids in Fruits of Third Generation Seabuckthorn Clones Introduced from Russia

摘要: 为了掌握我国引进沙棘果实所含黄酮类化合物情况，对黑龙江、辽宁、新疆3地定植的21个无性系，以及用于对比的4个杂交沙棘无性系，采集果实样品48个，采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)，检测得到主要7个黄酮类化合物——5个糖苷、2个苷元，这些成分含量果肉普遍高于籽；糖苷类5种化合物干基含量合计达19.854 mg/100g，比苷元类2种化合物干基含量合计值14.601 mg/100g高36.0%，不过2种苷元类的单个化合物含量普遍都高于糖苷类5个化合物；引进沙棘7种黄酮化合物干基含量也只占杂交沙棘的54.7%~92.8%，杂交沙棘果实黄酮类化合物含量均高于引进沙棘；引进沙棘21个无性系中，黄酮类化合物含量较高的有“201316”“201301”“201319”“201317”“201315”共5个无性系。引进、杂交两大类沙棘果实含有的黄酮糖苷、苷元等一些生物活性成分较为丰富，作为保健和药用的前景看好。

Abstract: For understanding the flavonoids contained in seabuckthorn introduced from Russia, 48 fruit samples were collected from 21 introduced clones and 4 hybrid clones for comparison planted in Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Xinjiang. Seven main flavonoids—5 glycosides and 2 aglycones were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The content of these components in pulp was generally higher than that in seed. The total dry basis content of five kinds of glycosides was 19.854 mg/100g, 36.0% higher than the total dry basis content of 14.601 mg/100g two kinds of aglycone, but the content of anyone of the two kinds of aglycone was generally higher than that of each glycoside. The dry basis content of seven flavonoids from introduced seabuckthorn only accounted for 54.7% ~ 92.8% of hybrid seabuckthorn, and the content of flavonoids in hybrid seabuckthorn fruit was higher than that of introduced seabuckthorn. Among the 21 introduced seabuckthorn clones, 5 clones with high content of flavonoids were “201316” “201301” “201319” “201317” and “201315”. The introduced and hybrid seabuckthorn fruits contain abundant bioactive components such as flavonoids, glycosides and aglycones, which would have a promising prospect as health care and medicine.