压水堆一回路硅酸盐沉积热力学分析
Thermodynamic Analysis of Silicate Deposition in Primary Circuit
DOI: 10.12677/NST.2023.111002, PDF,   
作者: 王若彤, 张胜寒*：华北电力大学，河北 保定；金 鑫, 毛玉龙, 刘虓瀚, 胡艺嵩：中广核研究院有限公司，广东 深圳
关键词: 压水堆；热力学；硅酸盐；E-pH图；PWR； Thermodynamics； Silicate； E-pH Diagram
摘要: 污物在燃料棒上的沉积严重危害核电站的安全经济运行。本文运用热力学分析方法，计算了压水堆一回路Al、Ca和Mg与Si沉积形成硅酸盐的高温热力学数据，获得了553.15 K、583.15 K和613.15 K三个温度下Si-H2O、Al-H2O、Ca-Si-H2O、Mg-Si-H2O、Al-Mg-Si-H2O和Ca-Mg-Si-H2O六个体系的高温E-pH图，确定了高温水溶液中各固相的稳定存在区域和沉淀生成与溶解的倾向性，为完善污垢沉积模型提供参考。结果表明，在压水堆一回路正常运行条件下，只有Si-H2O和Al-H2O体系中以溶解态物质H3SiO4-和Al(OH)4-的形式稳定存在，其余体系均为固态物质稳定存在。随着温度升高，一回路中各体系的固相区域均有增大，说明沉淀进行生成反应的倾向性更大，也更易沉积在燃料棒上。
Abstract: The deposition of crud on fuel rods seriously endangers the safe and economical operation of nuclear power plants. In this paper, the high temperature thermodynamic data of silicates were calculated by thermodynamic analysis. These silicates were deposited by Al, Ca and Mg with Si. The high temperature E-pH diagrams of Si-H2O, Al-H2O, Ca-Si-H2O, Mg-Si-H2O, Al-Mg-Si-H2O and Ca-Mg-Si-H2O were obtained at 553.15 K, 583.15 K and 613.15 K. The stable regions of solid phases and the tendencies of precipitations formation and dissolution in high temperature aqueous solution were determined. After systematic calculation and analysis, it is concluded that the dissolved substances H3SiO4- and Al(OH)4- existed stably in Si-H2O and Al-H2O systems under normal operation condition of PWR primary circuit, and the other systems were solid substances. With the increase of temperature, the solid phase area of each system in the primary circuit increased. The precipitations had a greater tendency to generate reaction, and were more likely to deposit on the fuel rods.
文章引用：王若彤, 金鑫, 毛玉龙, 刘虓瀚, 胡艺嵩, 张胜寒. 压水堆一回路硅酸盐沉积热力学分析[J]. 核科学与技术, 2023, 11(1): 14-29. https://doi.org/10.12677/NST.2023.111002

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