古普茶叶公司配送中心选址优化

Location Optimization of Distribution Center of Gupu Tea Company

摘要: 我国是茶叶生产第一大国，要想在如今竞争激烈的茶叶市场中取得胜利并占有一定的市场份额，茶叶公司必须充分利用任何可能的机会来获得相对于其他企业的竞争优势。在众多的茶叶业务中，选择最优的配送中心位置被认为是最重要的一步。通过市场调研以及相关的数据分析，可以看出古普公司的销售量大幅度下降，成本较高导致了市场竞争力不足，于是公司决定关闭一个配送中心以降低一部分的公司运营成本。本文鉴于古普公司的实际数据分为两步进行配送中心的选址优化，第一步对在借助Excel的程序计算能力，使用线性规划的模型计算出成本最低的两家茶叶配送中心进行保留，以得到优化的选址方案。线性规划模型可以避免决策者使用其他选址方法带来的结果误差或者精确度较低等问题。第二步为了拓展古普公司未来发展空间，进一步提高公司利润率，从而提出配送中心再选址的优化方案。接下来决策者可使用Excel，利用以真实地理图为背景建立的Excel坐标图，进行直观分析。通过实例的分析对比，验证了此方法的有效性。

Abstract: China is the largest country in tea production. If we want to win and take a certain market share in today’s highly competitive tea market, tea companies must take full advantage of any possible opportunities to gain a competitive advantage over other enterprises. Among the numerous tea businesses, choosing the best distribution center location is considered to be the most important step. Through market research and related data analysis, we can see that the sales volume of the company has dropped significantly, and the high cost has led to the lack of market competitiveness, so the company decided to close a distribution center to reduce part of the company’s operating costs. In view of the actual data of Gupu Company, this paper divides into two steps to optimize the location of distribution center. The first step is to retain the two tea distribution centers with the lowest cost calculated by using the linear programming model with the help of Excel's program computing power, in order to get the optimal location scheme. The linear programming model can avoid the result error or low accuracy caused by the decision maker using other location methods. In the second step, in order to expand the future development space of the company and further improve the profit margin of the company, the distribution center relocation optimization program is proposed. Next, decision makers can use Excel to visually analyze the background of a real geographic map. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the analysis and comparison of an example.